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Showing posts with label Hydrogen Bomb. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hydrogen Bomb. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

Fukushima China Syndrome Reactor Melted Through

There have been a lot of talks these last days about Fukushima and the fact that TEPCO have made analysis of the reactor units confirming that the Nuclear Fuel have melted the pressure vessel and eroding it's way down into the earth. They can't seem to find the Corium (melted nuclear fuel) because they can't get near the reactors because of the radiation.

Experts have also come out to say that the Fukushima Disaster is the worst Nuclear Disaster in the worlds history and that there was an Nuclear Explosion when Reactor Unit 3 went boom. This is because if it would have been an Hydrogen explosion that happened, then there would not have been the black smoke and mushroom cloud seen on video afterwards. I have done some hydrogen explosions in the kitchen and I can tell you they are loud and hurt your ears, but I never encountered black smoke. I'm not joking, however if for some reason there was some evaporation of concrete or other flammable materials along with the explosion I could understand that there would be some smoke.

I remember how much crap was said early on from idiots here and on other sites. Media downplaying the Disaster (well still is actually) and Japanese Government coming out with all sorts of crap. Highly respected medical doctors assuring people that if they smile radiation wont hurt them and go ahead and eat the contaminated food, visit Japan.. If not you are not supporting us. Bla bla.. Everything is under control, nothing to see here, move along.. And most people fell for it, again like they do, walking into a trap, believing everything they hear.

I do see a change though, the "internet experts" are not getting much headway in their attempts to downplay this anymore because they have been proven wrong so many times already. Now they are pretty much laughed at and put to the wall when they come online. And I would like to put a shout out to all my buddies that stood their ground and still do in these "battles". We actually saved lifes, we made people move away from affected areas, gave our oppinions and prevented people from moving to Japan. And much more!! So keep going!! If you that are reading this remember even doing something simple as posting a link, then my hats off to you. It counts and it still does.

Anyhow I would need to summarize the past days, but due to some blogger problems I have not had the time to do regular updates and stay updated with the news these last days for that matter. So I give you Arnie Gundersen. Arnie talks this time about the probable China Syndrome that is going on at Fukushima Daiichi and how it would happen, even giving us a clip from the 1976 blockbuster movie The China Syndrome.

Here is the video and below I have the transcribed text if you want to read what's said.
And this is the link to the Fairewinds website where Arnie gives us regular updates of the Fukushima Disaster situation: https://fairewinds.com/content/fukushima-could-it-have-china-syndrome


Arnie Gundersen: Hi, I'm Arnie Gundersen from Fairewinds.

Last week, Tokyo Electric announced that the core inside the nuclear reactor had definitely melted through and had also melted partly through the containment at Fukushima. I wanted to talk about that today because I think that there have been a lot of exaggerations and misunderstandings on the internet about what is actually going on.
So the question I would like to talk about today is, can Fukushima become what is called The China Syndrome? And what exactly does The China Syndrome really mean?

------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Clip of The China Syndrome begins)

(male actor #1) "I don't know. They might have come close to exposing the core.
(male actor #2) "If that is true, then we came very close to The China Syndrome."
(Jane Fonda's Character) "The what?"
(male actor #2) "If the core is exposed, for whatever reason, the fuel heats beyond core heat tolerance in a matter of minutes. Nothing can stop it and it melts right down through the bottom of the plant, theoretically to China. But of course, as soon as it hits ground water, it blasts into the atmosphere and sends out clouds of radioactivity. The number of people killed would depend on which way the wind is blowing, render an area the size of Pennsylvania permanently uninhabitable, not to mention the cancer that would show up later."

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Arnie Gundersen: The term is really old; it dates back at least until the 60's. And what it means is that the nuclear core melts, and of course it is an American term, so it melted from America toward China through the center of the earth. That is what the term means. It is an over-exaggeration to begin with, but it does mean that the nuclear core leaves the nuclear reactor, leaves the containment, and gets into the earth. That is what a China Syndrome really means. Now I will be using some rather crude demonstration items today. I realize a lot of engineers watch this and just bear with me here. I think these are analogies and they are always a little risky, but I do think they explain what is happening inside Fukushima.

The first phase of the accident was when the nuclear reactor core lost it's cooling. Now you will remember uranium atoms split; 95% of the power comes from uranium atoms splitting. But these pieces that are left over are called fission products, and they retain a lot of heat. When you shut a nuclear reactor down, a process that takes about 2 seconds, 95% of the heat stops immediately, but 5% of the heat cannot be stopped. That, as long as there is extra water flowing, is all you need to keep a nuclear reactor cool. You remember back in April, I did a video where I talked about a nuclear reactor fuel pellet. It was about as big as my pinkie, and the fuel rod is about the diameter of my pinkie, but 12 feet long. In a lot of ways, it is like spaghetti. It is just as flexible as spaghetti, but of course it is 12 feet long. And there are thousands of these nuclear fuel rods inside a nuclear reactor. A nuclear reactor is not anything but a glorified pressure cooker. A pressure cooker cooks at 15 pounds. A nuclear reactor cooks at 1,000 pounds. But essentially they are the same thing: they are designed to hold really hot water and not to leak.

Well, the nuclear fuel is placed into the nuclear reactor, and as long as the water is in there, everything is fine. But like when you overcook spaghetti, what happens? It can form a blob on the bottom of your pressure cooker. That is what happened at Fukushima. The decay products created enough heat to boil off all the water, the nuclear fuel collapsed, the pasta broke, and is now a blob at the bottom of the nuclear reactor. That happened in about 6-8 hours on Fukushima I and perhaps as long as 10 hours on Fukushima II & III.

So the first phase of this accident is called a meltdown. That is when the pasta collapses and lays in the bottom of the pressure cooker. That is when the nuclear fuel melts and lays in the bottom of the nuclear reactor. Phase one is a meltdown.

The second step in the process is something called a melt-through. Now we are at a point where we have got a blob of nuclear fuel at the bottom of the nuclear reactor vessel. TEPCO is saying that the nuclear reactor vessel is about 8 inches thick, about 30 centimeters thick, and that is enough to hold the nuclear fuel for quite a long time. I do not think that part of TEPCO's analysis is right. I have talked about it before, but on a boiling water reactor, there are over 60 holes in the bottom of the reactor for the control rods to go in and out. And the Nuclear Regulatory Commission has already identified that it is likely that the nuclear fuel did not have to melt through the 8 inches of steel, but instead could do an end run around that and shoot out holes at the bottom of the reactor.

So almost like soft ice cream falling out of a dispenser, it is like hot nuclear fuel pouring out of these holes on the bottom of the reactor. That phase is called a melt-through. Probably within a day of the beginning of the Fukushima accident, we were in the phase where nuclear fuel was melting through the nuclear pressure vessel.

Now remember the nuclear reaction has stopped. None of this is heat from the chain reaction and all of it is coming from the nuclear daughter products. After about a day, instead of about 5% of the heat coming from the nuclear daughter products, we are down to less than 1% of the nuclear heat. So now we have got a blob that has left the pressure cooker, and is now lying flat on the floor underneath the nuclear reactor.

There are some assumptions here. If there were a crater on the bottom of the nuclear reactor, the blob would have fallen into that crater and the heat would have been concentrated. That would have allowed this nuclear blob to work it's way down into the nuclear containment faster. And again, that is an assumption. No one really knows what is really going on underneath that nuclear reactor. No one can get within 100 feet of the bottom of that nuclear reactor. And it will be 20 or 30 years before we really find out what that area looks like. But the assumption is that the nuclear fuel lying on the floor, has begun to eat away at the containment. So phase 2 is when it ate through the containment.

Phase 3 is the beginning of what would ultimately become a China Syndrome. At the bottom of the nuclear containment is about 3 feet of concrete and about 2 inches of steel. We are quite certain that the nuclear fuel has left the reactor and is lying on the bottom of the containment. The question is how deep into the concrete it has worked it's way and has it broken through the steel? I do not think it has broken through the steel and I think it is perhaps as much as a foot or two into the 3 feet of concrete. But that does not make a China Syndrome. The reason it is not working it's way down any further, is because the radioactive daughter products are no longer generating anywhere near as much heat as they did on the very first day of the accident. In fact, they are probably generating less than a million watts of power right now. Now that is a lot of heat: a million watts is ten thousand 100 watt light bulbs and you can imagine that that would generate a lot of heat. But compared to what was available on the first day, and the second day, and first week, the amount of decay heat is very small.

In addition, right above all this nuclear melted fuel, is an awful lot of water. The water is at less than 100 degrees Centigrade. It is not boiling. And what that means is that there is an enormous ability for that water to suck the heat out of the nuclear core as it lies on the bottom of the containment. I do not believe that the nuclear core can melt down through the containment and into the water table. There have been all sorts of postulations about violent explosions from this. And again, I do not think that can happen because the amount of heat available (now we are almost 9 months after the accident) is not great enough to create what is called a steam explosion.

So the good news is I do not think a China Syndrome can happen. I do not think this core can keep melting into the bottom of the earth. And I do not think there will be a steam explosion either. That is the good news.

Here is the bad news. That nuclear core is in direct contact with tons of water. And that containment, while not leaking down, is leaking out the sides. That contaminated water is going into every other building on site. And there is literally thousands and thousands of tons of water in other buildings. That water contains radioactive cesium, radioactive strontium, and it also contains nuclear fuel. There will be uranium in that water and plutonium in that water as well. We know for sure that that water is leaking into the ground water and into the Pacific Ocean. So while it is important to know that we are not going to release the nuclear core directly into the center of the earth, the problem is not over. And as a matter of fact, the problem will last for tens, perhaps even as long as 30 years because this contaminated water is in the basements of all the buildings on site. And not only does it contain cesium (that hangs around for 300 years), strontium (hangs around for 300 years), but it also contains plutonium and uranium and they have half lives of tens of thousands of years.

So the problem is, what do we do with all that water that is contaminated? It is already leaking into the groundwater. It is already leaking into the ocean. TEPCO is frantically catching it and putting it into tanks. But just today, TEPCO announced that they are running out of tank space on site, and eventually they are going to have to release those tanks into the Pacific Ocean. Now they will try to clean up some of the isotopes like cesium. But they have been unable to capture all the strontium. Strontium is a bone seeker that causes leukemia.

So we are not out of the woods. We are far from out of the woods. It will be 30 years before we capture all that nuclear fuel that is underneath that reactor vessel. And until then, it will be surrounded with water that is leaking into the groundwater.

I will keep you informed as situation develops.
Thank you.

Friday, August 5, 2011

Fukushima Fallout 1000 Times Higher Than 1963 Peak ☢

by Bob Nichols


(San Francisco) – Dr. Chris Busby, world famous physicist, said tests run at the respected Harwell Radiation Laboratory in England demonstrate the airborne radiation in Japan is 1,000 times higher than radioactive “fallout” at the peak in 1963 of H-Bomb detonations by the nuclear powers. The calculations were on radioactive Cesium 137.
Busby certifies the poisonous, radioactive Japanese air to be at least 300 times worse than the air during the Chernobyl nuclear reactor disaster. Dr Janette Sherman, a highly respected physician and an acknowledged expert in radiation exposure, has estimated the world wide Chernobyl Kill to be at least one million people killed to date. The Chernobyl Disaster occurred April 26, 1986.
Dr. Busby obtained donated car air filters from vehicles in Fukushima and Chiba Prefectures as well as from Tokyo, Japan. Busby stated the radiation per cubic meter of air in Japan was calculated by knowing the size of the engines and the number of miles driven.
The estimates must be considered as conservative or low since the smallest particles go through the car air filters and emerge from the car’s exhaust. The smallest radioactive particles simply go through a human’s skin or go to the bottom of a human’s lungs and stay there. The poison radiates cells within a range extending 20 cells deep in all directions. The dead and dying or mutated cells become cancers and hundreds of other radiation related diseases.
The earth’s few nuclear states detonated a total of 2,045 Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs. During the period before international treaties shut them down, the US detonated more than 1,300 nuclear weapons “tests,” first in Japan at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, next in the South Pacific, then largely in Nevada, USA. The Nevada site is in the South Western US 60 miles, or 96.5 km, from Las Vegas.
The H-Bomb fallout spread first northeastward with the prevailing winds; then went around the world. Yes, the US Department of Energy, DOE, lists the unwarranted Atomic Bomb attack at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan as “Tests”.
In 1963 the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was passed by the US Senate and most of the countries of the world. The ban extended to above ground atmospheric nuclear detonations only. However, some 25% of the underground detonations broke through to the surface or “vented”.
The on-going world wide nuclear slaughter would all make more sense if the massive war-like Fukushima Daiichi nuclear onslaught was an attack by Aliens from outer space. But no, there is no explanation as simple as that. This “kill them all” effect is a result of decisions of some amongst us, military elites and the richest corporations worldwide.
The lethal radioactive result, or Fukushima Kill, enveloping the world is unmistakable and inevitable, though.

Responsibility, Revenge and Punishment


What can we do to those who are killing us; and, for those no longer breathing, those already killed?
Well, first, we do know our murderers’ names and everything about them is in multiple public records in many countries all over the world. They can’t hide. They are much too egotistical to even try.
Officially they are grouped together as the Tokyo Electric Power Company and the General Electric Company. Strong and powerful as companies, they are weak and fearful of the wrath of the people in countries throughout the world.
Let us first Shun Them in the Old Way. That means to have nothing whatsoever to do with them either in business or private life. To us, they are dead.
Then the world can move to extract vengeance according to the Rule of Law. In the American Wild West of the Old Days it was called “Give them a trial then Hang’em – all legal like.”
Vengeance and Revenge for killing many millions of us with stationary nuclear weapons – leaking atomic reactors – shall be ours. Let’s wipe the Tokyo Electric Power Company and the General Electric officials and policy makers off the face of the Earth, as they manifestly deserve.
[End]

Sources and Notes:


Dr. Busby’s Data comparing radiation levels from the radioactive peak of atmospheric nuclear weapon detonations to Chernobyl and Fukushima.
As Measured at Harwell by British Radiation Laboratory and representing the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric level they reported Cesium 137 was 2.4 milliBecquerel per cubic meter. At the peak of the Chernobyl Radiation Disaster and Explosion the atmospheric radiation level was was 10 milliBecquerel per Kg of air, which is about a cubic Meter. A cubic meter of air weighs 1.189 kg.
Car air filters from Fukushima Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture and Tokyo, show the atmospheric level of Cesium 137 in June, 2011 for Cesium 137 was  2.7 Becquerels per cubic meter.
The Fukushima, Japan atmospheric radiation levels are 1000 times higher than at the peak of Atomic and Hydrogen Bomb atmospheric testing in 1963.
Measured Cesium 137 radiation from Chiba Prefecture, about 140 km from Fukushima, was 300 times higher than at the peak of atmospheric testing.
Professor Tatsuhiko Kodama is the head of the Radioisotope Center at the University of Tokyo. On July 27, he appeared as a witness to give testimony to the Committee on Welfare and Labor in Japan’s Lower House in the Diet.
“After 3 months, … I am shaking with anger.”
Chernobyl: Consequences of the Catastrophe for People and Nature, written by A. V. Yablokov, V. B. Nesterenko and A. V. Nesterenko, published by the New York Academy of Sciences in December 2009, translated and edited into a book by Dr. Janette Sherman. Dr. Sherman’s Website. janettesherman.com/about
From Dr Sherman’s website: janettesherman.com/books
“This is a collection of papers translated from the Russian with some revised and updated contributions. Written by leading authorities from Eastern Europe, the volume outlines the history of the health and environmental consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. Although there has been discussion of the impact of nuclear accidents and Chernobyl in particular, never before has there been a comprehensive presentation of all the available information concerning the health and environmental effects of the low dose radioactive contaminants, especially those emitted from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Official discussions from the International Atomic Energy Agency and associated United Nations’ agencies (e.g. the Chernobyl Forum reports) have largely downplayed or ignored many of the findings reported in the Eastern European scientific literature and consequently have erred by not including these assessments.”
Nuclear detonation picture courtesy of Nuclear Defense Agency.
Copyright 2011 by Bob Nichols. All right reserved. Distribute with Notes and credit. Bob Nichols can be reached at duweapons@gmail.com

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Geiger Counters - Radiation Detection Meters - Handheld Radiation Detector



When it comes to radiation detection meters you really have a wide field of gadgets to choose from, however radiation detectors are the most common to use. First of all if you need to know what type of radiation you are looking for. There are Alpha, Beta and Gamma radiation detectors. And also there is neutron emission of nuclear radiation. And all these different types of emissions have radiation detectors for a specific type of radiation that you can buy radiation detector for. Some also measure both Alpha and Beta. Others detect Alpha, Beta and Gamma. While others let you measure Beta and Gamma radiation.



What most people have use for though are Dosimeters you can buy a handheld radiation detector pretty cheap that are good addition to a survival kit. There are different kinds that you can use that will detect radiation. There are radiation badges that will tell you when radiation become high. Workers at nuclear power plants use these to inform them of how much radiation they have been exposed to. Now also children in the Fukushima prefecture have each been given a radiation badge so they know if they are exposed to radiation. Some come in the shape of a pen that you can carry in your pocket while other are made more compact so that you can attach them to your keychain. And then you have what is called a personal radiation monitor. These are also called Dosimeters and also normally called Geiger counters. Although not all use the Geiger-Muller Tube for the radiation detection some use a semiconductor instead. These and mostly the older geiger counters seen are pretty big to carry around, so they might not be best suited for a survival situation where you only need to carry the most important things. However if you have land and want to check radiation around the property and drinking water then these are the geiger counters to get because they are very well built units.

These are the once that you normally see people use. They have different units of radiation detection, because when it comes to radiation there are many standards used. some give the measurements in Rads, while other use Sieverts. Some have the maximum radiation value for the measured radioactivity quite low but they will still give you an idea of the amount of radiation in the area. With the units ranging from between background radiation 0.001 mSv/hr all the way up to 10 Sv/h. Normally a dosimeter will measure radiation in micro siverts per hour. If you were to walk into one of the reactor units at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant you probably would get an error reading from your dosimeter because the radiation levels are so high there.

Note that some places outside the exclusion zone in Fukushima that are too radioactive for people to live in have areas where the radiation levels are above 30 Sv/h. So if you are in a area that have high radiation the radiation detectors would also there go off the scale. However Geiger counters or radiation detectors are still favored as general purpose alpha/beta/gamma portable radiation detectors and radiation detection equipment, due to their low cost and robustness. Most come with an LCD Display that show you the radioactivity in the area. Nowdays you will even get alarm sound and the possibility to connect the device to a computer. Either with a Infrared, Bluetooth or USB connection.

So if you look at the radiation detectors for sale that have this, then these radiation detection meters will allow you to make maps of contaminated areas that show where the radiation is high and low. This also will help you to see which areas are becoming more contaminated over time. With several nuclear reactors in the US and around the world located near fault zones that makes it a danger if a big earthquake would hit the area there is always a good choice to have a radiation dosimeter avaliable. I'm sure many in Fukushima would have been grateful to have dosimeters avaliable at the time of the disaster and I am sure you to would be grateful to have a geiger counter handy when you need one.

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